Which nutrient is important to monitor in a patient with PKU?

Phenylalanine is crucial to monitor in a patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) because individuals with PKU lack the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which is necessary for the metabolism of phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many protein-containing foods. Elevated levels of phenylalanine can lead to serious neurological damage, cognitive impairments, and other health complications. Therefore, a strict dietary control to limit phenylalanine intake is essential for managing PKU and preventing these adverse effects.

In the context of caring for patients with PKU, it's important to ensure that their diet is closely monitored to maintain phenylalanine levels within a safe range. This often involves avoiding high-protein foods and using special medical foods that contain low levels of phenylalanine while providing adequate nutrition.