Which condition is most characteristic of marasmus?

Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized primarily by extreme deficiency of calories and protein, leading to significant fat and muscle wasting. This condition occurs when there is inadequate intake of energy and essential nutrients over a prolonged period, resulting in emaciation. The body begins to utilize its fat stores and then muscle tissue for energy, which distinctly presents as pronounced weight loss and frailty.

Individuals suffering from marasmus may appear very thin, with prominent bones and minimal fat padding. This visual manifestation of severe wasting is a hallmark sign of marasmus, setting it apart from other forms of malnutrition like kwashiorkor, which is characterized more by edema and fluid retention rather than substantial muscle and fat loss.