Which bacterium is known to cause gastric ulcers?

Helicobacter pylori is the bacterium identified as a primary cause of gastric ulcers. This spiral-shaped, gram-negative bacteria colonizes the stomach lining, leading to inflammation and damage to the gastric mucosa. The presence of H. pylori is often linked to a variety of gastrointestinal disorders, including peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis. The mechanism involves the bacteria's ability to survive in the acidic environment of the stomach, where it disrupts the protective mucous layer, allowing stomach acid to cause damage to the underlying tissue.

In clinical practice, diagnosing H. pylori infection is critical for effective treatment of gastric ulcers, as eradicating the bacteria through antibiotic therapy can promote healing and prevent recurrence of ulcers. Understanding the role of H. pylori in gastrointestinal health is essential for dietitians and healthcare professionals when addressing ulcer-related symptoms and guiding treatment strategies.